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本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-8 06:26 AM 編輯
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0 Z, `+ {$ |. e5 S! I公仔箱論壇China Appears to Censor Any Online Discussion of an Ex-Leader’s Health
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Andrew Jacobs New York Times   7 Jul 2011/ c9 D% t, e1 c  W$ k, C
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$ `% C7 A: x; |7 K7 YTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。# Y6 h: Z' [; l- I. B& `
What do Jiangsu Province, the minor pop idol Jiang Yirong and Huadong Hospital in Shanghai have in common? Over the past day, these and scores of other words and expressions have been blocked on much of the Chinese Internet, a result of the government’s unrelenting attempt to quash widespread rumors that the former Chinese leader Jiang Zemin is dead or dying.
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Not surprisingly, the stepped-up effort to silence speculation about the well being of Mr. Jiang, 84, who officially retired as party chief in 2002 and as president in 2003, has generated even more rumors since last Friday after he failed to attend the 90th anniversary gala commemorating the birth of the Chinese Communist Party.
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On Thursday morning, the official Xinhua News Agency issued an English-language response to the reports that Mr. Jiang had died, saying they were “pure rumor” and quoting what it said were“authoritative sources.” Later in the day, during a regularly scheduled news conference, a Foreign Ministry spokesman declined to answer any questions about Mr. Jiang’s health, referring journalists to the Xinhua statement. That exchange, however, was curiously omitted from a transcript of the news conference posted on the ministry’s website.
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While China’s ruling party has not in recent years suppressed news about the death of an important leader, officials rarely, if ever, discuss the health of current or former leaders, and they ban news coverage of those subjects.
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“I don’t want to believe rumors, but what am I supposed to do when rumors always turn out to be true in this country?” said a posting on Sina Weibo, the popular microblogging site that on Wednesday seemed to be suffering an especially zealous rash of censorship.
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In many instances, the offending words contain the character “Jiang,” the former leader’s surname, which also means “river” in Chinese. Huadong, also unsearchable, is the top-notch hospital where Mr. Jiang,the once jaunty Communist Party general secretary, may or may not have been treated for a heart attack, a stroke or infected mosquito bites — all ailments alternately blamed for his disappearance from public view.www2.tvboxnow.com/ Y. {- p1 z6 y9 X7 i+ Z0 Q

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Speculative online accounts have repeated as fact the rumor that the respirator supposedly keeping Mr. Jiang alive would be unplugged on July 8. The number eight is considered lucky among the Chinese because it rhymes with another character meaning prosperity. (While the accounts are likely to be false, some historical accounts say an ailing Mao Zedong was taken off life support on Sept. 9, 1976, because the ninth day of the ninth month would be an easy date for the masses to remember.)www2.tvboxnow.com0 @$ a- y9 O6 ]' N+ ]
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Mr. Jiang last appeared on state television in2009, when he joined other senior leaders reviewing a military spectacle marking the 60th anniversary of the People’s Republic of China.
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Talk about Mr. Jiang’s impending demise has ricocheted across the Internet and then faded numerous times over the years.But his failure to show up at the 90th anniversary celebration, a required event for retired party elders as well as current leaders, raises the likelihood that he is in fact ailing.
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A Hong Kong television station went so far as to broadcast news of Mr. Jiang’s death before retracting the report. And overseas Chinese Web sites that specialize in political gossip have been claiming that Mr. Jiang died Tuesday night or that a large number of police officers were spotted outside the Beijing hospital that caters to senior leaders. (Not surprisingly, that institution, the 301 Military Hospital, can no longer be searched on the Internet.)
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Sam Crane, a China expert at Williams College, suggested that the government censorship machine was counterproductive. “It’s making them look very foolish,” he said. “The state is trying to control information so they can control the narrative, but in the Internet era that’s harder and harder to do.”' Y4 ~# l# `" |. z

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The narrative about Communist Party leaders has always been a fraught business, with the passing of top leaders sometimes proving politically disruptive. In 1976, after the death of the beloved Prime Minister Zhou Enlai, party leaders tried to suppress public mourning. In the end, as many as two million people defied the authorities by gathering in Tiananmen Square, where they criticized the Gang of Four, Mao and the excesses of his Cultural Revolution.公仔箱論壇" R( ]( W( R  @. @( r: E. @% z
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A decade later, the unexpected death of General Secretary Hu Yaobang led to an outpouring of public grief in Tiananmen Square that morphed into a mass protest against the party. That episode, which ended in a hail of gunfire on June 4, 1989, shook the party to its core.www2.tvboxnow.com5 d0 I' ^" S4 n8 x* U/ l: N3 L

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The death of Mr. Jiang, whose tenure is not especially savored by Chinese liberals, would not be likely to draw such an emotional public response. But the Communist Party does not like to leave anything to chance.
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Roderick MacFarquhar, a China specialist at Harvard University, said that even if the rumor about Mr. Jiang’s failing health proved true, the party had never hidden public disclosure about the death of a senior leader. Any delay, even if brief, might be aimed at allowing the members of the Politburo Standing Committee to prepare his obituary and public eulogy, which would presumably be delivered by President Hu Jintao, who succeeded him as party chief.4 i# _% Y( t$ [% ]+ W# S
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“They need time to prepare, not so much for the funeral, but for the description of the man and his place in Chinese Communist Party history,” Mr. MacFarquhar said.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb* D2 M3 N+ ^! A9 y( t0 y- l

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In the meantime, the government’s handling of the matter seems to be prompting a torrent of ridicule on the Internet, especially on Twitter and other overseas sites that are beyond the control of Beijing’s censors. On Wednesday, people began circulating photographs of Mr. Jiang shaking hands with the former leader Deng Xiaoping (“they meet again”) and a cartoon of a pair of trousers hanging on a clothesline that is meant to be a reference to a Chinese euphemism for death.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。! @, K4 i! y# c% K; ^: u

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Mia Li and Adam Century contributed research.
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本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-8 06:27 AM 編輯
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# K5 }4 y6 W% m公仔箱論壇Jiang Zemin death rumours spark online crackdown in China
% g- A0 V* p% P8 ?7 G- c2 B2 L* ]. pTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Tania Branigan and Associated Press   7 Jul 2011
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All internet searches for former leader – whose name means river – blocked, but savvy users find ways to get around itTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。+ Q5 x- K7 Q0 F, Y6 u* Q
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Even for China's rigorous internet censors, it has proved an unusually busy day. References to rivers and laundry are among the apparently innocuous items vanishing from postings and search results amid rumours that Jiang Zemin, who led the country before president Hu Jintao took over in 2002, is dead or seriously ill.7 R$ g5 C0 L5 u$ U+ ^
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Similar tales have circulated several times in the past. This time they seem to have been prompted by the 84-year-old's absence from celebrations for the 90th anniversary of the Communist party on Friday. Heis normally a staple of such events and other former leaders were shown at the gathering.
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Sina, which runs a wildly popular microblog service, went to increasing lengths to keep the topic off-limits. Searches forthe leader's name, or even just for "jiang" – river – resulted in the warning: "Search results are not shown due to relevant laws and policies."公仔箱論壇8 d# Q7 n5 ~5 c6 U1 ]- p
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They even began to remove one of the cheekiest references to Jiang: an empty set of clothes hanging up, with the trousers hitched to Simon Cowell-level. The former leader is known for his high waistline.
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0 ~. N5 w& M' ?* V$ g, fBut some internet users began posting about a leader called "River", using the English word.公仔箱論壇* U- T  O9 S' M. W: D
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The lengths to which authorities are going are all the more striking because Jiang's death would be unlikely to cause major ripples.www2.tvboxnow.com& I3 S+ M; i9 b* D/ T
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"We are not going to see a palace coup of any sort," said Steve Tsang of the University of Nottingham, an expert on succession in China.
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0 q0 H+ D% m/ y# \$ Y, Y"We are not going to see a leadership change as a result of Jiang Zemin's passing away and we are not going to see a majorreversal in any major policy."
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8 {4 t; C1 m: _" _5 |" C1 X4 [tvb now,tvbnow,bttvbTwo Hong Kong television stations have reported that Jiang has died, citing unidentified sources.7 S8 _/ E- m9 r/ w+ \! y

7 Y6 v0 b; D8 F5 T& Qwww2.tvboxnow.comThe Wall Street Journal's website reported that Sina had also blocked searches for words such as "myocardial infarction", "hung" – a euphemism for death – and "301Hospital" – a reference to the medical facility that often treats top leaders.
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Chinese internet users have become increasingly adept at evading censorship, often using images, analogies, Roman script and puns. But David Bandurski, of the University of Hong Kong's China Media Project, said censorship ghettoises discussions, so that they do not spread beyond small groups of people who recognise the relevant code words.tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb( @% I* J% Z% {( N8 y
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Chinese officials still "want to control the conversation as ultimately as they can," he said.
本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2011-7-8 06:27 AM 編輯 TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。, |/ v4 a  W$ h% L; `/ c
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China insistsreports of Jiang Zemin's death are 'pure rumour'
! w/ I% x3 z( v' [3 sTVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。Johnathan Watts   The Guardian   7 Jul 2011
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Denial that former president has died unlikely to quell online and overseas speculation
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Reports of the death of the former president Jiang Zemin have been greatly exaggerated, the Chinese state media has insisted, amid a frenzy of speculation online and overseas.
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In an unusual move, state news agency Xinhua issued a brief denial that the 84-year-old statesman had passed away to quell rumours that began on Friday when Jiang failed to attend the biggest political event of the year – a 90th anniversary celebration to mark the founding of the Chinese Communist party.
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( ?2 s& v! w& c$ y& ~, Owww2.tvboxnow.comAsia Television of Hong Kong broadcast a report on Wednesday claiming Jiang had died of an unnamed illness. Japanese and South Korean media issued similar bulletins. Chinese journalists said they had been told to expect news on Thursday, but the only comment was a single line from Xinhua.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。2 ?; [4 c$ K% F

/ g3 c. {0 ?- B7 e2 @" F7 r2 `; C9 vtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb"Recent reports of some overseas media organizations about Jiang Zemin's death from illness are pure rumour," the newswire said, quoting unnamed "authoritative sources".公仔箱論壇6 _8 b+ d; n1 r, \7 N" Q

2 `* K" Y% }: s5 v$ @; Cwww2.tvboxnow.comDespite the denial, speculation is unlikely to fully die down until Jiang is seen again in public. The last such big occasionwas in October 2009 for the 60th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic. Jiang was also present at an event in Sichuan last year, where his car was reportedly followed by an ambulance. Jiang is said to be suffering from an illness and possibly hospitalised, although it is hard to confirm because China treats the health of its leaders as a state secret.TVBNOW 含有熱門話題,最新最快電視,軟體,遊戲,電影,動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。( \1 Y$ h" _0 m2 _4 Y, h6 K

! J( C8 H1 }, t5 ]. l" P; Ewww2.tvboxnow.comUntil today, censors have tried to quell speculation by blocking references to related words on blogs and search engines: "Jiang", "myocardial infarction", "hung"– a euphemism for death – and "301 Hospital" – a reference to the medical facility where he was said to be treated.
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8 V# N8 g6 p) q公仔箱論壇Searches for "jiang", which means river,resulted in the warning: "Search results are not shown due to relevant laws and policies." Netizens sidestepped the prohibition by using English words and allusions.
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The US-based dissident news site Boxun.com said Shandong News in eastern China had its website disabled by authorities for reporting Jiang's death, though the newspaper dismissed Boxun's report.www2.tvboxnow.com9 n% ~. C; d) L! c5 ?

; S: r# X& J8 H0 P( _) e1 M. A' U6 k8 TBoxun showed what it said was a screenshot of Shandong News with a banner headline reading "Venerable Comrade Jiang Zemin Will Never Be Forgotten" next to a photo of the former leader.% A9 `! d7 I8 L* r; I* v1 B

" Q+ ]3 x0 z2 z$ K7 j! z' `; i7 Y4 K  rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbA woman in the news department at Shandong News said the newspaper's site went offline on Wednesday because its servers crashed and it was still trying to fix the problem.: D  ~) V/ [- f/ ^- W6 p" C* b

( }; G* a) p1 M, V# C- N; Ttvb now,tvbnow,bttvbThe woman, who would only give her surname, Wang,said the website never posted news saying Jiang had died.1 {' Z6 t3 \$ y# C  {

4 H- o6 j2 V+ y) o) e. V+ x"That's a rumour," she said. "Maybe someone with ulterior motives made that screenshot."; M/ r0 d: b) B1 z! ?

. {. i1 ]5 w. T0 [4 E; swww2.tvboxnow.comThe internet cat-and-mouse game over the possible death of a former leader underscores how secretive China's Communist party leadership remains – and the difficulties of maintaining that secrecy in a well-wired society.
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8 r" Z/ ?  X. @: D) lwww2.tvboxnow.comJiang Zemin rose to power in the wake of the 1989 Tiananmen Square killings, oversaw the handover of Hong Kong in 1997 and led his country until 2002, by which time it was one of the world's most powerful economies. He was replaced by the current president Hu Jintao.
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