本帖最後由 felicity2010 於 2013-12-6 11:01 PM 編輯 0 [9 k+ t. L ~, m, x) b/ rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb # q7 t y" W R2 a0 d曼德拉告訴我們...公仔箱論壇, h" B c8 t @1 E, i3 T' A- p
"No power on earth can stop an oppressed people determined to win their freedom" , X1 c2 c+ d$ A, {: ` u8 u! A— 1961 0 m( }0 n- A: [9 z! b* ^ - G1 G5 G$ x/ h/ ?, K2 ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvbI have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities. It is an ideal which I hope to live for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am prepared to die7 ?$ g/ T: N* u0 _9 l
— 1964年曼德拉在法院自辯& m+ J2 Z7 }1 n& Z; B+ `% `& j
' [* h0 O9 k- E6 c/ \www2.tvboxnow.com"To deny any person their human rights is to challenge their very humanity. To impose on them a wretched life of hunger and deprivation is to dehumanize them. But such has been the terrible fate of all black persons in our country under the system of apartheid."公仔箱論壇9 o2 A" ^9 \8 k: u& `+ x8 C: v( T1 b' d
— 1990年獲釋後發表演說+ a- v: ?1 O) L" {% v1 U
% k9 `; h5 Y! g! qwww2.tvboxnow.com"Our march to freedom is irreversible. We must not allow fear to stand in our way. Universal suffrage on a common voters' roll in a united democratic and non-racial South Africa is the only way to peace and racial harmony." / u) G! `9 o5 o+ Z4 ]tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb— 1990年獲釋後發表演說tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb3 v2 e& a+ _! u) o3 G5 ?
) F& F% H$ p: y# d- t6 I2 p! q: n公仔箱論壇"Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world. Let freedom reign." , A/ c3 ^3 d5 o( v/ wTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。— 1994年就職總統演說 S. }: j5 ]8 f( ]
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"I have walked that long road to freedom. I have tried not to falter; I have made missteps along the way. But I have discovered the secret that after climbing a great hill, one only finds that there are many more hills to climb. I have taken a moment here to rest, to steal a view of the glorious vista that surrounds me, to look back on the distance I have come. But I can rest only for a moment, for with freedom comes responsibilities, and I dare not linger, for my long walk is not yet ended."公仔箱論壇' L ]9 h- a! k0 s
— 曼德拉自傳《Long Walk to Freedom》 2 c1 e O8 H$ Q( z& ftvb now,tvbnow,bttvb
"A critical, independent and investigative press is the lifeblood of any democracy. The press must be free from state interference. It must have the economic strength to stand up to the blandishments of government officials. It must have sufficient independence from vested interests to be bold and inquiring without fear or favour. It must enjoy the protection of the constitution, so that it can protect our rights as citizens."www2.tvboxnow.com5 T9 g" y8 ]( ]+ K- N
— 1994年出席國際新聞學會世界大會TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。8 a; B! O, x, s/ e; ~* C
When a man is denied the right to live the life he believes in, he has no choice but to become an outlaw. * A3 o4 t f4 J) B1 T公仔箱論壇— 曼德拉自傳《Long Walk to Freedom》8 I3 x$ L9 I1 I- K- |
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"Real leaders must be ready to sacrifice all for the freedom of their people." * U, q- c% V5 H2 m& S0 Bwww2.tvboxnow.com— 1998年出席黑人領袖盧圖利（Albert John Lutuli）百周年誕辰慶典 $ k* ~& I. j- s4 a8 kwww2.tvboxnow.com
"I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democratic and free society in which all persons live together in harmony and with equal opportunities." $ F# c: r" s& d0 ^! T$ }; ztvb now,tvbnow,bttvb— 1964年% n; V/ H E1 z8 U: l; ^/ w& r
5 Q, \* ^1 H0 l; w) h6 ]# \tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb“No one is born hating another person because of the color of his skin, or his background, or his religion. People must learn to hate, and if they can learn to hate, they can be taught to love, for love comes more naturally to the human heart than its opposite.”7 L; [8 o# y5 D( T+ ~6 ]8 ~
— 曼德拉自傳《Long Walk to Freedom》 ' G- P4 p5 j, NTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。
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"It is never my custom to use words lightly. If twenty-seven years in prison have done anything to us, it was to use the silence of solitude to make us understand how precious words are and how real speech is in its impact on the way people live and die." 0 M, V/ G1 ]6 l4 l% |" }9 ewww2.tvboxnow.com— 2000年2 W0 K6 |* J3 H0 u
談獲釋 : y' l7 L" V6 i1 ytvb now,tvbnow,bttvb
"I stand here before you not as a prophet but as a humble servant of you, the people"www2.tvboxnow.com* k; z7 H- k; f) Y; m6 e
— 1990年獲釋後發表演說. T. | \7 Z$ V0 `& M ]
1 {$ J7 |' W' Q9 gwww2.tvboxnow.com"I was called a terrorist yesterday, but when I came out of jail, many people embraced me, including my enemies, and that is what I normally tell other people who say those who are struggling for liberation in their country are terrorists. I tell them that I was also a terrorist yesterday, but, today, I am admired by the very people who said I was one." , J( v5 E& V2 U6 }tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb— 接受著名主持Larry King 專訪 : B8 B, Y2 [9 e; w公仔箱論壇
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"What I am condemning is that one power, with a president who has no foresight, who cannot think properly, is now wanting to plunge the world into a holocaust"; j1 r4 a% R7 U Z) ]: n) w
— 2003年1月斥美國總統喬治布殊部署侵伊 / ?9 o7 }0 Y! l) {www2.tvboxnow.com
"AIDS is a major problem to be tackled by the entire world. To deal with it requires resources far beyond the capacity of one continent. No single country has the capacity to deal with it.". W7 o% z6 u( v% N! C9 i* V- G& n
— 曼德拉著名“Conversations with Myself公仔箱論壇6 j* [# X, L) T; R" _# K: t. X
"Death is something inevitable. When a man has done what he considers to be his duty to his people and his country, he can rest in peace. I believe I have made that effort and that is, therefore, why I will sleep for the eternity." + C9 d& p$ ?/ c4 XTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。— 1994年在紀錄片接受訪問0 ]2 @1 n7 ?7 M0 W$ R6 c9 f
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"There will be life after Mandela. On my last day I want to know that those who remain behind will say: 'The man who lies here has done his duty for his country and his people.' "TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。1 O& T3 R8 e, L/ W' V/ j
— 1999 ( e S, k" y! ^, ]6 {公仔箱論壇
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“I like friends who have independent minds because they tend to make you see problems from all angles.” % O! }- a8 {6 @, F, g8 \+ J& jtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb— 1975 ) }; x6 `: I4 b1 ^TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。
: u7 D8 d* D& p ) X5 e/ S- s/ M/ a2 B: @, }5 ?6 R曼德拉的理想 南非的現實公仔箱論壇( ^ I* r( y3 t0 D$ n% \5 V
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2012年，南非爆發馬里卡納礦工大罷工，工人集結在山頭，要求增加工資。抗議活動逐漸演變成暴力衝突。其後南非警方向手持刀械的礦工射擊，造成34名礦工死亡，78人受傷。 資料：維基百科。圖：marikana.info. x) R c$ q& ~4 b3 D( ^8 b. C
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去年8月，南非出現了種族隔離時代結束以來最嚴重的衝突：南非礦業爆發全國工潮，礦工要求加薪，警方出動裝甲車、橡膠子彈鎮壓，做成至少34人死亡，被當地傳媒形容為「屠殺」。從礦業到運輸、製造業，過去一年半南非工潮此起彼落。近年，南非失業率高踞不下，現達25%（有指這只是官方數字，真正的失業率接近40%），但今年全年的經濟增長預料只有1.9%。曾經，南非是整個非洲的經濟龍頭；然而近年多個非洲國家相繼堀起，南非卻反而不斷倒退。 + c+ ]& h, D( p/ W0 F9 [7 g公仔箱論壇# ^; Y; ^: I: W) g; p
今日的南非被種種問題困擾：貧富差距、高失業率、罪案頻生。種族隔離政策被廢除20年來，南非的貧富懸殊不斷擴大，有色人種苦於他們口中的「經濟種族隔離」現象，生活艱難。基層民眾的困境使他們對政府感到極為不滿，執政黨卻陷入無日無之的內鬥，與民眾完全脫節。曾是反抗種族隔離旗艦的「非洲國民議會」，已與昔日的光輝形象大相逕庭，貪腐醜聞不絕、管治能力低下，失去了人民的信任。5 O. \3 b- A6 G
$ s( Y2 E- w7 N/ | x今日的南非，與曼德拉期待建立的國度仍相去甚遠。 9 P1 _/ T1 E. @TVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。7 U7 k1 @/ v; x% N7 F; h 種族歧視料重臨 1 e4 `0 R2 Q$ n+ H2 _' Vwww2.tvboxnow.comtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb! n1 o l H* y# o4 W; P2 O2 Y- p
曼德拉的願景是建立一個所有種族平等共融的「彩虹國度」。! S9 Q# K4 C( ?7 E
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但今時今日，白人仍主導南非經濟，黑人在工作方面處於下風，國內黑人形容這是「經濟種族隔離」：南非白人家庭的收入是黑人家庭的6倍；白人的失業率約6%，但黑人的失業率卻高達29%（2012年數字）。1 B, [0 o! L7 o
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教育問題是造成「經濟種族隔離」的原因之一：南非政府的教育預算佔整體達1/6，但全國僅20%學校附設圖書館、近50%只有旱厠。學校設備欠佳，教師質素亦不理想；據政府數據，全國僅12%12歲學生的語文及數學能力達最低標準。在世界經濟論壇的競爭力報告中，南非的小學教育質素在144國中排名132。在教育資源極為匱乏的情況下，本就佔據社會上層位置的白人，下一代得到良好教育的機會較高：2012年數字顯示，75%的南非白人具高中畢業學歷，但黑人僅25%。 # F9 ?! [3 G6 C* B+ FTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。 , Q! a5 U" y4 `7 p7 {# T6 y6 Rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvb除了黑、白之間的舊仇，南非黑人亦對來自其他非洲國家的「新移民」感到極不滿。從津巴布韋、索馬利亞、尼日利亞等地遷入的移民，被指奪走了本地黑人僅餘的工機會。更有南非人認為做成今日局面的，正是以曼德拉為首的ANC所推行的種族共融政策。5 f8 o! v z! T8 ?" u
2 N' K t# U" r: T+ n; \: k7 R7 f從其他非法國家移民至南非的人當中，有不少是難民或尋求政治庇護者。 , v) I6 [! O* ]( Z; A( E5 l公仔箱論壇3 T5 Q0 Z$ O* U l
2008年，南非全國有數十外地移民被殺，另有數百移民受傷；這幾年來，針對移民群體的攻擊有增無減。「曼德拉是使南非免於分離崩析的唯一支柱，」路透社引述28歲的約翰內斯堡白領Sharon Qubeka如此形容：「南非的種族衝突會惡化，人們會互相指責並嘗試趕走外來人。」NPR則引述26歲的扒手Brian Raphela預測：「看著吧，曼德拉一死，排外主義就會捲土重來。」 " B' E" N% e) I0 u& R x公仔箱論壇 * f! U6 H9 d4 y3 p* fwww2.tvboxnow.com「非洲國民議會」支持度勢再降www2.tvboxnow.com* I% Y6 j; T2 U
' n/ p3 J0 p, y- v9 G而曾經帶領南非黑人脫離種族隔離的民權組織「非洲國民議會」（African National Congress, ANC），今時今日在南非民眾眼中只是一個供政客謀取私利的貪腐政黨。公仔箱論壇 [9 D' I4 C! T
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沒有了曼德拉這個象徵人物，ANC的支持度將進一步減弱。www2.tvboxnow.com! g& M! {( B0 F3 L5 r% N7 O
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對南非人民來說，今時今日的ANC與20年前曼德拉領導的ANC已大不相同：ANC高層都十分富裕、出入乘名車，與此同時，南非的貧富差距一日比一日嚴重，ANC治下的南非經濟每況愈下。ANC的領袖、即曼德拉的繼任者們，似乎更關注黨內權力鬥爭，這使政府對南非民生問題，反應遲緩。去年，國際評級機構穆迪就曾因為擔憂南非未來政局不穩，下調對南非的信用評級。) i |* F: o; }8 X. S. ]3 D
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托曼德拉的福，自1994年、即曼德拉當選總統的年份起，ANC在每次國會大選中均贏得逾60%的選票，2014年整體上亦穩操勝劵，但很可能會失去最重要的省份Gauteng；這將是一個警號。在ANC內部，有人仍堅持貫徹曼德拉種族共融的理念，但要求政府政策向有色人種傾斜的一派正逐漸坐大。為了打擊其主要對手、以白人為主的在野黨民主聯盟（Democratic Alliance, DA），ANC不斷以DA過往堅持種族隔離的背景做文章；這樣的策略無異於走回頭路，重回專為有色人種發聲的定位。6 e4 z8 F9 K9 Y7 V
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沒有了曼德拉這根紐帶，今日的ANC與20年期的反種族歧視抗爭，似乎已毫無聯繫；但他們郤仍然倚賴20年前的功績，來吸引已對他們的失去信心的選民。南非民眾仍會經常見到曼德拉；可以預期，下年選舉期間，曼德拉將頻繁出現在選舉文宣之中。 & v3 C/ g) l9 Y; ?3 rtvb now,tvbnow,bttvbwww2.tvboxnow.com' A. `! m5 b H& w
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《時代》 . @& u% E I6 i8 X' w路透社 . N% }6 X9 p2 L' f4 J9 `) G3 Btvb now,tvbnow,bttvb《華爾街日報》 ! |2 N* t, r" FNPRTVBNOW 含有熱門話題，最新最快電視，軟體，遊戲，電影，動漫及日常生活及興趣交流等資訊。- Y. x* g8 g/ Z/ U( i" Z* @+ j* Y6 Z0 |
《紐約時報》 1 Y+ N# M6 k, W: m ~; z《經濟學人》tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb1 q, N- h# @ T1 K$ w& G& V, e
發表於 2013-12-6 10:41 PM
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曼德拉逝世，世界各地哀悼tvb now,tvbnow,bttvb f* v( H. q. \1 [0 c